Methods for testing publication bias in ecological and evolutionary meta‐analyses
نویسندگان
چکیده
Publication bias threatens the validity of quantitative evidence from meta-analyses as it results in some findings being overrepresented meta-analytic datasets because they are published more frequently or sooner (e.g. ‘positive’ results). Unfortunately, methods to test for presence publication bias, assess its impact on results, unsuitable with high heterogeneity and non-independence, is common ecology evolutionary biology. We first review both classic emerging tests funnel plots, Egger's regression, cumulative meta-analysis, fail-safe N, trim-and-fill tests, p-curve selection models), showing that cannot handle heterogeneity, and, importantly, none can deal non-independence. For each method, we estimate current usage biology, based a representative sample 102 last 10 years. Then, propose new method using multilevel meta-regression, which model by extending existing regression-based (i.e. regression). describe how our meta-regression not only but also time-lag be supplemented residual plots. Overall, provide ecologists biologists practical recommendations appropriate employ given independent non-independent effect sizes. No ideal, simulation studies required understand Type 1 2 error rates impacted complex data structures. Still, limitations these do justify ignoring ecological meta-analyses.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Methods in Ecology and Evolution
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2041-210X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.13724